Mageia NetInstall

Instal·lació de Mageia mitjançant una imatge d'arrencada petita

Introducció

NetInstall Media

Descripció

These minimal ISO's contain:

less than 100 MB and are convenient if bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, or if you have a PC without a DVD drive or unable to boot from a USB stick.

no more than that which is needed to a) start the DrakX installer and b) find DrakX-installer-stage2 and other packages that are needed to continue and complete the install.

The required source packages may be on a PC hard disk, a local drive, a local network or on the Internet.

Nota

Installation via encrypted wifi or bluetooth is not supported.

Disponibilitat

There a two versions of the NetInstall media:

netinstall.iso For those who prefer not to use non-free software, this ISO contains only free software.

netinstall-nonfree.iso This ISO additionally includes proprietary device drivers, which may be required for your network device, disk controller, etc.

Both versions are available in the form of separate 32-bit and 64-bit ISO's. See here: https://www.mageia.org/downloads/

Preparació

After downloading the image, burn it to a CD/DVD or, if you prefer to put it on a USB stick, follow the instructions here: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Installation_Media#Dump_Mageia_ISOs_on_an_USB_stick

Installation Stages

The installation is carried out in two stages:

Stage 1 This is the pre-Installation stage. You will need to provide the method and details for accessing the medium containing the files to be used for the installation. If the method involves a server, then the network connection will be activated.

Stage 2 This is the actual Installation stage, which will automatically commence once a connection to the installer files has been established.

Nota

During Stage 1, nothing will be written to your Hard Disk, so it is safe to quit at any point during Stage 1 if you wish. You can do so by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del.

Suggeriment

You can use Alt+F3 to read the logs and Alt+F1 to return to the installer screen.

Avís

Unlike when installing from DVD or LiveCD, during the first part of the installation (Stage 1), you will be asked to type things. During this stage, your keyboard will operate as per an American keyboard layout. This can be very confusing when you need to type names and paths.

Stage 1 (Pre-installation Stage)

Arrencada

The particular Welcome Screen that you will see when booting with the NetInstall media depends on whether you are booting on a BIOS or UEFI system. See the following two screenshots:

Figura 1. BIOS Welcome Screen

When booting up, you can choose to read the advanced help by pressing F2 and return to the installer screen by pressing F1. Otherwise, the boot will continue with default settings.

Figura 2. UEFI Welcome Screen

Use the arrow keys to highlight Start Mageia Install and then press Enter.

For both BIOS and UEFI systems, you will then see a pop-up notification saying that USB devices are being detected:

Installation Method

You can now choose an installation method via CDROM/HDD or Server (NFS, FTP or HTTP).

You also have the option to load third-party modules at this point.

Move up or down the list using the arrow keys until the appropriate method of installation is highlighted.

Press the Tab key until Ok is highlighted and then press Enter.

Servidor

If you don't know what to choose for a Network Installation, choose FTP server.

On an enterprise network, FTP and rsync may be blocked, so using HTTP server is a good choice in this case.

After choosing any of the server options you will automatically proceed to the Network Connection section.

CDROM/HDD

If you choose to install from either a CDROM or hard disk (or USB stick), a scan for storage devices will be performed:

First, select the relevant hard drive (or USB stick)

Followed by the relevant partition

Then specify the directory or the file name of the ISO

Leaving this open, or using the directory is easier, because the installer then presents you with a list of directories and files from which you can make your selection using the up and down arrows, as seen in the second of the following images.

Once the information has been provided for the location of the ISO, either on CDROM or HDD, you will automatically proceed to Stage 2 (the actual installation stage).

Load Third-Party Modules

If you wish to Load third-party modules, then you will be asked for the location of the directory containing the modules:

Connexió de xarxa

Dispositiu de connexió

If you chose any of the server options at the Installation Method step, you will then be asked to choose a network device:

Tipus de connexió

Now you need to choose whether the network device will use a DHCP, Static or ADSL connection:

If you are unsure which option is suitable, then you should probably accept the default option (DHCP).

Noms d'amfitrió / domini

Si és necessari, ara podeu proporcionar els vostres noms d'amfitrió i domini:

If you are unsure what this means then you can just leave the fields blank, highlight Ok and press Enter to proceed. The network connection will now be activated.

If you are using either FTP or HTTP, you will automatically proceed to the Mirrors section

If you are using NFS, you will be asked for the NFS server name and the directory containing the Mageia distribution:

After entering the NFS details, you will automatically proceed to Stage 2 (the actual installation stage).

Mirrors

If using FTP or HTTP, you now have to specify a mirror to use. This can be done manually or by choosing from a list

Specify Manually

You will find a list of all available mirrors here: http://mirrors.mageia.org/

Whichever mirror you choose, it should use the same tree-like structure from "mageia" (or "Mageia") as used by the official Mageia mirrors. That means .../mageia/distrib/<version>/<arch>

A correct entry (when using an official mirror) in the Mageia directory field below, could be:

pub/linux/mageia/distrib/cauldron/i586

Another example (for Mageia 6 x86_64) could be:

pub/Mirrors/Mageia/distrib/6/x86_64

Other mirrors may have a different path structure and the screenshots below show such examples:

Si utilitzeu un servidor FTP:

Si utilitzeu un servidor HTTP:

Once this information has been provided, you will automatically proceed to Stage 2 (the actual installation stage).

Select From a List

Si obteniu molts errors de dependències no resoltes després, a la instal·lació; reinicieu i proveu una rèplica diferent.

After choosing an FTP server, you will see a screen where you can optionally add a login name and password if required.

Once this information has been provided, you will automatically proceed to Stage 2 (the actual installation stage).

Stage 2 (Installation Stage)

Nothing has been written to your hard disk at this point. Therefore, if you decide not to proceed with the actual installation, then it is safe to reboot now: go to tty2 with Ctrl+Alt+F2 and press Ctrl+Alt+Del (or Ctrl+Alt+F7 to come back if you change your mind).

Trieu la llengua que voleu utilitzar

Select your preferred language, by first expanding the list for your continent. Mageia will use this selection during the installation and for your installed system.

Select your preferred language. Mageia will use this selection during the installation and for your installed system.

If it is likely that you (or others) will require several languages to be installed on your system, then you should use the Multiple languages option to add them now. It will be difficult to add extra language support after installation.

Important

Even if you choose more than one language, you must first choose one as your preferred language from the main list of languages. It will also be marked as chosen in the Multiple languages screen.

If your keyboard language is not the same as your preferred language, then it is advisable to install the required language for your keyboard as well

Mageia uses UTF-8 (Unicode) support by default. This may be disabled in the Multiple languages screen if you know that it is inappropriate for your language. Disabling UTF-8 applies to all installed languages.

You can change the language for your system post-installation in the Mageia Control Center → System → localization for your system.

Llicència i notes de la versió

Acord de llicència

Before installing Mageia, please read the license terms and conditions carefully.

These terms and conditions apply to the entire Mageia distribution and must be accepted before you can continue.

To proceed, simply select Accept and then click on Next

If you decide not to accept these conditions, then we thank you for your interest in Mageia. Clicking Quit will reboot your computer.

Notes de la versió

Important information about this particular Mageia release can be viewed by clicking on the Release Notes button.

Configuració SCSI

DrakX will normally detect hard disks correctly. However, with some older SCSI controllers it may be unable to determine the correct drivers to use and subsequently fail to recognise the drive.

If your device is not recognised, you will need to manually tell DrakX which SCSI drive(s) you have. DrakX should then be able to configure the drive(s) correctly.

Instal·lació o actualització

Install

Use this option to perform a fresh installation of Mageia. This will format the root partition (/), but can preserve a pre-existing /home partition (a dedicated /home partition, rather than being incorporated within the root (/) partition itself).

Upgrade

Use this option to upgrade an existing installation of Mageia.

Important

Only upgrading from a previous Mageia version that was still supported when this Installer's version was released, has been thoroughly tested. If you want to upgrade a Mageia version that has reached its “End Of Life” then it is better to do a “clean” install instead, while preserving your /home partition.

Suggeriment

If you have discovered that you forgot to select an additional language, you can return from the Install or Upgrade screen to the language choice screen by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Home. Do NOT do this later in the install.

Teclat

DrakX selecciona el teclat adequat per a la vostra llengua. Si no en troba cap, triarà la disposició de teclat US.

Assegureu-vos que la selecció és correcta o seleccioneu una altra disposició de teclat. Si no sabeu quina disposició té el vostre teclat, mireu a les especificacions lliurades amb el vostre sistema, o bé pregunteu-ho al proveïdor. Fins i tot pot ser que hi hagi una etiqueta al teclat que n'identifiqui la disposició. També podeu mirar aquí: ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapes_de_teclats

If your keyboard isn't in the list shown, click on More to get a fuller list, and select your keyboard there.

Nota

After choosing a keyboard from the More dialogue, you'll return to the first keyboard choice dialogue and it will seem as though a keyboard from that screen was chosen. You can safely ignore this and continue the installation: the keyboard chosen from the full list will be applied.

If you choose a keyboard based on non-Latin characters, you will see an extra dialogue screen asking how you would prefer to switch between the Latin and non-Latin keyboard layouts

Particions

Suggested Partitioning

In this screen you can see the content of your hard drive(s) along with the DrakX partitioning proposals for where to install Mageia.

The actual options available from those shown below will vary according to the layout and content of your particular hard drive(s).

Main Options

Use Existing Partitions

Si aquesta opció està disponible, vol dir que s'han trobat particions compatibles amb Linux i es podrien utilitzar per a la instal·lació.

Use Free Space

Si teniu espai lliure al disc dur, aquesta opció l'aprofitarà per a la instal·lació de Mageia.

Use Free Space on a Windows Partition

If you have unused space on an existing Windows partition, the installer may offer to use it. This can be a useful way of making room for your new Mageia installation, but is a risky operation so you should make sure you have backed up all important files!

With this option, the installer displays the remaining Windows partition in light blue and the proposed Mageia partition in dark blue with their intended sizes just underneath. You have the option to modify these sizes by clicking and dragging the gap between both partitions. See the following screenshot:

Erase and use Entire Disk

This option will allocate the entire drive for Mageia

Avís

This will erase ALL data on the selected hard drive. Take care! If you intend to use part of the disk for something else, or you already have data on the drive that you are not prepared to lose, then do not use this option.

Important

Tingueu present que això implica encongir la partició de Windows. La partició ha d'estar «neta», és a dir, Windows s'ha d'haver tancat correctament la darrera vegada que es va fer servir. També cal que hagi estat desfragmentada, tot i que això no és garantia que els fitxers de la partició hagin estat desplaçats fora de la regió que s'està a punt de fer servir. És altament recomanable fer una còpia de seguretat dels fitxers personals.

Custom Disk Partitioning

Aquesta opció us dona control total sobre la localització de la instal·lació al(s) disc(s) dur(s).

If you are not using the Custom disk partitioning option, then the installer will allocate the available space according to the following rules:

If the total available space is less than 50 GB, then only one partition is created. This will be the / (root) partition.

If the total available space is greater than 50 GB, then three partitions are created

6/19 of the total available place is allocated to / with a maximum of 50 GB

1/19 is allocated to swap with a maximum of 4 GB

the rest (at least 12/19) is allocated to /home

This means that from 160 GB or greater available space, the installer will create three partitions:

50 GB for /

4 GB for swap

and the remainder for /home

Nota

If you are using a UEFI system, the ESP (EFI System Partition) will be automatically detected - or created if it does not exist yet - and mounted on /boot/EFI. The Custom disk partitioning option is the only one that allows to check it has been correctly done.

If you are using a Legacy (also known as BIOS) system with a GPT partitioned disk, you need to create a BIOS boot partition if it doesn't already exist. It should be about 1 MiB with no mount point. It can be created with the Installer, under Custom disk partitioning, like any other partition. Be sure to select “BIOS boot partition” for filesystem type.

See DiskDrake for information on how to proceed.

Important

Some newer drives are now using 4096 byte logical sectors, instead of the previous standard of 512. Due to lack of available hardware, the partitioning tool used in the installer has not been tested with such a drive.

Some SSD devices now use an erase block size over 1 MB. If you have such a device we suggest that you partition the drive in advance, using an alternative partitioning tool like gparted, and to use the following settings:

Align to = MiB

Free space preceding (MiB) = 2

Also make sure all partitions are created using an even number of megabytes.

Tria dels punts de muntatge

Here you see the Linux partitions that have been found on your computer. If you don't agree with the DrakX suggestions, you can change the mount points yourself.

To the left of the drop-down menus is a list of available partitions. For example: sda is a hard drive - and 5 is a partition number, followed by the (capacity, mount point, filesystem type) of the partition.

If you have several partitions, you can choose various different mount points from the drop down menu, such as /, /home and /var. You can even make your own mount points, for instance /video for a partition where you want to store your films, or perhaps /Data for all your data files.

For any partitions that you don't need to make use of, you can leave the mount point field blank.

Avís

If you make any changes here, ensure you still have a / (root) partition.

Suggeriment

If you are not sure what to choose, click Previous to go back and then tick Custom disk partitioning, where you can click on a partition to see its type and size.

If you are sure the mount points are correct, click on Next, and choose whether you only want to format the partition suggested by DrakX, or more.

Confirmació del disc dur que es formatarà

Click on Previous if you are at all unsure about your choice.

Click on Next to proceed if you are sure that it is OK to erase every partition, every operating system and all data that might be on that hard disk.

Custom Disk Partitioning with DiskDrake

Modify the layout of your disk(s) here. You can remove or create partitions, change the filesystem or size of a partition and even view their details before you start.

There is a tab at the top for every detected hard disk (or other storage device, like a USB key). In the screenshot above there are two available devices: sda and sdb.

For all other actions: click on the desired partition first. Then view it, or choose a filesystem and a mount point, resize it or wipe it. Expert mode provides more options such as to label (name) a partition, or to choose a partition type.

Continue until you have adjusted everything to your satisfaction, then click Done when you're ready.

Avís

Take care with the Clear all option, use it only if you are sure you want to wipe all partitions on the selected storage device.

If you wish to use encryption on your / partition you must ensure that you have a separate /boot partition. The encryption option for the /boot partition must NOT be set, otherwise your system will be unbootable.

Important

If you are installing Mageia on a UEFI system, check that an ESP (EFI System Partition) is present and correctly mounted on /boot/EFI. See Figure 1 below.

If you are installing Mageia on a Legacy/GPT system, check that a BIOS boot partition is present and of the correct type. See Figure 2 below.

Figura 3. Partició EFI del sistema

Figura 4. BIOS boot partition

Formatació

Here you can choose which partition(s) you wish to format. Any data on partitions not marked for formatting will be preserved.

Usually, at least the partitions that DrakX selected need to be formatted.

Click on Advanced to choose the partitions you want to check for so-called bad blocks

Suggeriment

If you're not sure you have made the right choice, you can click on Previous, again on Previous and then on Custom to get back to the main screen, where you can choose to view details of your partitions.

When you are confident about the selections, click on Next to continue.

Software

Selecció de mitjans

Supplemental Installation Media

This screen shows you the list of already recognised repositories. You can add other sources for packages, like an optical-disc or a remote source. The source selection determines which packages will be available during the subsequent steps.

Per a un origen en xarxa cal seguir dos passos:

Choosing and activating the network, if not already up.

Selecting a mirror or specifying a URL (very first entry). By selecting a mirror, you have access to the selection of all repositories managed by Mageia, like the Nonfree, the Tainted repositories and the Updates. With the URL, you can designate a specific repository or your own NFS installation.

Nota

If you are updating a 64-bit installation which may contain some 32-bit packages, it is advised to use this screen to add an online mirror by selecting one of the Network protocols here. The 64-bit DVD ISO only contains 64-bit and noarch packages, it will not be able to update the 32-bit packages. However, after adding an online mirror, the installer will find the needed 32-bit packages there.

Mitjans disponibles

Aquí teniu una llista de tots els dipòsits disponibles. No tots els dipòsits estan disponibles, depenent del mitjà que feu servir per a la instal·lació. La selecció dels dipòsits determina quins paquets es proposaran per a seleccionar durant els següents passos.

No es pot inhabilitar el dipòsit core, ja que conté la base de la instal·lació.

The Nonfree repository includes packages that are free-of-charge, i.e. Mageia may redistribute them, but they contain closed-source software (hence the name - Nonfree). For example this repository includes nVidia and AMD graphics card proprietary drivers, firmware for various WiFi cards, etc.

The Tainted repository includes packages released under a free license. The main criteria for placing packages in this repository is that they may infringe patents and copyright laws in some countries, e.g. multimedia codecs needed to play various audio/video files; packages needed to play commercial video DVD's, etc.

Selecció de l'escriptori

Some choices made here will open other screens with related options.

After the selection step(s), you will see a slideshow during the installation of required packages. The slideshow can be disabled by pressing the Details button.

Choose whether you prefer to use the KDE Plasma or GNOME desktop environment. Both come with a full set of useful applications and tools.

Select Custom if you do not wish to use either (or, actually use both) of these, or if you want to modify the default software choices for these desktop environments. The LXDE desktop, for instance, is lighter than the previous two, sporting less eye candy and having fewer packages installed by default.

Selecció de grups de paquets

Packages are arranged into common groups, to make choosing what you need on your system a lot easier. The groups are fairly self explanatory, however more information about the content of each is available in tool-tips which become visible as the mouse is hovered over them.

Estació de treball

Servidor

Entorn gràfic

Individual Package Selection: you can use this option to manually add or remove packages

See Minimal Install for instructions on how to do a minimal install (without or with X & IceWM).

Instal·lació mínima

Minimal Installation is intended for those with specific uses in mind for Mageia, such as a server or a specialised workstation. You will probably use this option combined with the Individual package selection option to fine-tune your installation. See Choose Packages Tree.

You can choose a Minimal Installation by de-selecting everything in the Package Group Selection screen, see Choose Package Groups.

If desired, you can additionally tick the Individual package selection option in the same screen.

If you choose this installation method, then the relevant screen (see screenshot below) will offer you a few useful extras to install, such as documentation and “X”.

If the With X option is selected, then IceWM (a lightweight desktop environment) will also be included.

The basic documentation is provided in the form of “man” and “info” pages. It contains the man pages from the Linux Documentation Project and the GNU coreutils info pages.

Tria de paquets individuals

Here you can add or remove any extra packages to customize your installation.

After having made your choice, you can click on the floppy icon at the bottom of the page to save your choice of packages (saving to a USB key works, too). You can then use this file to install the same packages on another system, by pressing the same button during install and choosing to load it.

User Management

Estableix la contrasenya d'administrador (root):

It is advisable for all Mageia installations to set a superuser (Administrator) password, usually called the root password in Linux. As you type a password into the top box a shield will change from red-to-yellow-to-green depending on the strength of the password. A green shield shows you are using a strong password. You need to repeat the same password in the box underneath, to check that the first entry was not mistyped.

Nota

All passwords are case-sensitive. It is best to use a mixture of letters (upper and lower case), numbers and other characters in a password.

Introduïu un usuari

Add a User here. A regular user has fewer privileges than the superuser (root), but enough to use the Internet, office applications or play games and anything else the average user might use a computer for.

Icona

Feu clic a aquest botó si voleu canviar la icona de l'usuari

Real Name

Insert the user's real name into this text box

Login Name

Enter the user login name or let DrakX use a version of the user's real name. The login name is case-sensitive.

Atenció

The login entered here should be different to any login currently in use for your /home directory. Some user parameters will be written in the user space, and some can overwrite actual data such as Firefox, Thunderbird or Kmail data...

Contrasenya

Type in the user password. There is a shield at the end of the text box that indicates the strength of the password. (See also Nota)

Password (again): Retype the user password. DrakX will check that you have not mistyped the password.

Nota

Any users added while installing Mageia, will have a home directory that is both read and write protected (umask=0027)

You can add any extra needed users in the Configuration - Summary step during the install. Choose User management.

Els permisos d'accés també es poden modificar després de la instal·lació.

User Management (advanced)

The Advanced option allows you to edit further settings for the user you are adding.

Shell: This drop-down list allows you to change the shell available to any user you added in the previous screen. Options are Bash, Dash and Sh

User ID: Here you can set the user ID for any user you added in the previous screen. If you are unsure what the purpose of this is, then leave it blank.

Group ID: This lets you set the group ID. Again, if unsure, leave it blank.

Graphical Configuration

Configuració de targeta gràfica i monitor

No matter which graphical environment (also known as desktop environment) you chose for this install of Mageia, they are all based on a graphical user interface system called X Window System, or simply “X”. So in order for KDE Plasma, GNOME, LXDE or any other graphical environment to work well, the following “X” settings need to be correct.

Choose the appropriate settings manually if you think the details are incorrect, or if none are shown.

Graphic Card

If you need to, you can select a specific card from this expandable list. See “Tria del servidor de les X (configura la targeta gràfica)”.

Monitor

You can choose Plug 'n Play, if applicable, or choose your monitor from the Vendor or Generic lists. Choose Custom if you prefer to manually set the horizontal and vertical refresh rates of your monitor. See “Tria del monitor”.

Resolució

The resolution and color depth of your monitor can be set here.

Test

The test button does not always appear during install. If the option is there, and you test your settings, you should be asked to confirm that your settings are correct. If you answer Yes, the settings will be kept. If you don't see anything, you'll return to the configuration screen and be able to reconfigure everything until the test result is satisfactory. If the test option is not available, then make sure your settings are on the safe side.

Opcions

Here you can choose to enable or disable various options.

Avís

There is a risk of damaging a monitor if you choose refresh rates that are outside the frequency range of that monitor. This applies to older CRT displays: modern monitors will reject an unsupported frequency and normally enter standby mode.

Tria del servidor de les X (configura la targeta gràfica)

DrakX té una base de dades de targetes de vídeo força completa i normalment identifica correctament el dispositiu de vídeo.

Si l'instal·lador no ha detectat correctament la targeta gràfica i sabeu quina és, seleccioneu-la a l'arbre:

Fabricant

then the make of your card

and the model of card

If you cannot find your card in the vendor lists (because it's not yet in the database or it's an older card) you may find a suitable driver in the Xorg category, which provides more than 40 generic and open source video card drivers. If you still can't find a specific driver for your card there is the option of using the VESA driver which provides basic capabilities.

Atenció

Be aware that if you select an incompatible driver you may only have access to the Command Line Interface

Some video card manufacturers provide proprietary drivers for Linux which may only be available in the Nonfree repository and in some cases only from the card manufacturers' websites. The Nonfree repository needs to be explicitly enabled to access them. If you didn't enable it previously, you should do this after your first reboot.

Tria del monitor

DrakX té una base de dades de monitors força completa i normalment identificarà correctament el vostre.

Avís

Selecting a monitor with different characteristics could damage your monitor or video hardware. Please don't try something without knowing what you are doing. If in doubt you should consult your monitor documentation.

Personalitzat

This option allows you to set two critical parameters: the vertical refresh rate and the horizontal sync rate. Vertical refresh determines how often the screen is refreshed and horizontal sync is the rate at which scan lines are displayed.

És MOLT IMPORTANT que no especifiqueu un tipus de monitor amb un interval de sincronismes que superi les capacitats del vostre monitor: podríeu fer-lo malbé. En cas de dubte, trieu una configuració conservadora i consulteu la documentació del monitor.

Plug'n'Play

This is the default option and automatically tries to determine the monitor type from the monitor database.

Fabricant

Si l'instal·lador no ha detectat correctament el monitor i sabeu quin és, el podeu seleccionar de l'arbre:

Manufacturer

Monitor model

Genèric

Selecting this group will list nearly 30 display configurations such as 1024x768 @ 60Hz and includes flat-panel displays as used in laptops. This is often a good monitor selection group if you need to use the VESA card driver when your video hardware cannot be determined automatically. Once again it may be wise to be conservative in your selections.

Gestor d'arrencada

Grub2

Grub2 on Legacy MBR/GPT systems

GRUB2 (with or without graphical menu) will be used exclusively as the bootloader for a Legacy/MBR or Legacy/GPT system.

By default, a new bootloader will be written into either the MBR (Master Boot Record) of your first hard drive or in the BIOS boot partition.

Grub2-efi on UEFI systems

GRUB2-efi will be used exclusively as the bootloader for a UEFI system.

By default, a new bootloader (Grub2-efi) will be written into the ESP (EFI System Partition).

If there are already UEFI-based operating systems installed on your computer (Windows 8 for example), the Mageia installer will detect the existing ESP created by Windows and add grub2-efi to it. If no ESP exists, then one will be created. Although it is possible to have several ESPs, only one is required, whatever the number of operating systems you have.

Bootloader Setup

Opcions principals del menú d'arrencada

Bootloader to use

This feature is only available to Legacy MBR/BIOS systems. Users of UEFI systems will not see this option here.

Boot device

Don't change this unless you really know what you are doing

Delay before booting the default image

This text box lets you set a delay, in seconds, before the default operating system is started up.

Security

This allows you to set a password for the bootloader. This means a username and password will be required when booting in order to select a booting entry or change settings. This is optional, and most people are not likely to have a need for it. The username is root and the password is the one chosen hereafter.

Contrasenya

Choose a password for the bootloader (optional)

Password (again)

Retype the password and DrakX will check that it matches with the one set above

Advanced

Enable ACPI

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is a standard for power management. It can save energy by stopping unused devices. Deselecting it could be useful if, for example, your computer does not support ACPI or if you think the ACPI implementation might cause some problems (for instance random reboots or system lockups).

Enable SMP

This option enables/disables symmetric multiprocessing for multi-core processors

Enable APIC

Enabling this gives the operating system access to the Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller. APIC devices permit more complex priority models, and Advanced IRQ (Interrupt Request) management.

Enable Local APIC

Here you can set Local APIC, which manages all external interrupts for a specific processor in an SMP system

Configuració del gestor d'arrencada

Default

The operating system to be started up by default.

Append

This option lets you pass information to the kernel or tell the kernel to give you more information as it boots.

Probe foreign OS

If you already have other operating systems installed, Mageia attempts to add them to your new Mageia boot menu. If you don't want this behaviour, then untick the Probe Foreign OS option.

Advanced

Video mode

This sets the screen size and colour depth to be used by the boot menu. If you click the down-triangle you will be offered other size and colour depth options.

Do not touch ESP or MBR

Select this option if you don't want a bootable Mageia, but would rather chain-load it from another OS. You will get a warning that the bootloader is missing. Click Ok if you are sure you understand the implications, and wish to proceed.

Altres opcions

Ús d'un gestor d'arrencada existent

The exact procedure for adding Mageia to an existing bootloader is beyond the scope of this documentation. However in most cases it will involve running the relevant bootloader installation program, which should detect Mageia and automatically add an entry for it in the bootloader menu. See the documentation for the relevant operating system.

Installing Without a Bootloader

While you can opt to install Mageia without a bootloader (see section 2.1 Advanced), this is not recommended unless you absolutely know what you are doing, as without some form of bootloader your operating system will be unable to start.

Addició o modificació d'una entrada al menú d'arrencada

To do this you need to manually edit /boot/grub2/custom.cfg or use the software grub-customizer tool instead (available in the Mageia repositories).

Nota

Per obtenir més informació, consulteu: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Grub2-efi_and_Mageia

Configuration Summary

DrakX presents a proposal for the configuration of your system depending on the choices you made and on the hardware detected. You can check the settings here and change them if you want by pressing Configure.

Nota

As a general rule, it is recommended that you accept the default settings unless:

there are known issues with a default setting

the default setting has already been tried and it fails

some other factor mentioned in the detailed sections below is an issue

Paràmetres del sistema

Timezone

DrakX selects a timezone for you, depending on your preferred language. You can change it if needed. See also Configure Timezone

Country / Region

If the selected country is wrong, it is very important that you correct the setting. See Select Country

Bootloader

DrakX proposal for the bootloader setting

Do not change anything, unless you know how to configure GRUB2. For more information, see Bootloader

User management

You can add extra users here. They will each be allocated their own /home directories.

Serveis

System services refer to those small programs which run in the background (daemons). This tool allows you to enable or disable certain processes.

You should check carefully before changing anything here - a mistake may prevent your computer from operating correctly. For more information, see Configure Services

Paràmetres del maquinari

Teclat

Configure your keyboard layout according to your location, language and type of keyboard.

Nota

If you notice a wrong keyboard layout and want to change it, keep in mind that your passwords are going to change too.

Ratolí

Aquí podeu afegir i configurar altres dispositius apuntadors, tauletes, ratolins de bola, etc.

Sound card

The installer will use the default driver if one is available.

If there is no actual default driver for your sound card, there may be other possible alternative drivers available to choose from. If this is the case, but you think the installer has not made the most appropriate choice, you can click on Advanced to manually specify a driver.

Interfície gràfica

This section allows you to configure your graphics card(s) and displays. For more information, see “Configuració de targeta gràfica i monitor”

Paràmetres de xarxa i Internet

Xarxa

You can configure your network here, but for network cards with non-free drivers it is better to do that after reboot, using the Mageia Control Center, if you have not yet enabled the Nonfree media repositories.

Avís

When you add a network card, do not forget to set your firewall to monitor that interface as well.

Servidors intermediaris

A Proxy Server acts as an intermediary between your computer and the wider Internet. This section allows you to configure your computer to utilize a proxy service.

You may need to consult your systems administrator to obtain the parameters you need to enter here.

Seguretat

Nivell de seguretat

The Security level for your computer, in most cases the default setting (Standard) is adequate for general use. Select the option which best suits your usage.

Tallafoc

The firewall allows you to manage which network connections are allowed on your computer. The safe and secure default is to allow ZERO inbound connections. This does not stop you connecting outbound and using your computer normally.

Please be aware that the Internet is a high risk network where there are continuous attempts to probe and attack systems. Even seemingly “safe” connections such as ICMP (for ping) have been used as covert data channels for exfiltrating data by malicious persons.

Per obtenir més informació, consulteu Firewall.

Avís

Bear in mind that allowing everything (no firewall) may be very risky.

Locale

Configuració de la zona horària

Choose your timezone by choosing your country, or a city close to you in the same timezone.

In the next screen you can choose to set your hardware clock to local time or to GMT, also known as UTC.

Nota

Si teniu més d'un sistema operatiu a l'ordinador, assegureu-vos que tots estan configurats a l'hora local, o bé tots a l'hora UTC/GMT.

Selecció de país / regió

Select your country or region. This is important for all kinds of settings, like the currency and wireless regulatory domain. Setting the wrong country can lead to being unable to use a Wireless network.

If your country isn't in the list, click the Other Countries option and choose your country / region there.

Nota

If your country is only in the Other Countries list, after clicking OK it may seem that a country from the main list was chosen. Despite this, DrakX will actually apply your choice.

Mètode d'entrada

In the Other Countries screen you can also select an input method (at the bottom of the list). Input methods allow users to input multilingual characters (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, etc). IBus is the default input method, so users should not need to configure it manually. Other input methods (SCIM, GCIN, HIME, etc) also provide similar functions and can be installed if you added HTTP/FTP media before package selection.

Nota

If you missed the input method setup during installation, you can access it post-install via Configure your Computer → System, or by running localedrake as root.

Configuració dels serveis

Aquí podeu triar quins serveis s'han d'iniciar quan arrenqueu el vostre sistema.

Click on a triangle to expand a group to all the relevant services. The settings DrakX chose are usually good.

Si realceu un servei, se us en mostrarà informació a la casella inferior.

Canvieu coses només si teniu molt clar què esteu fent.

Selecció del ratolí

Si no us agrada com respon el ratolí, aquí en podeu seleccionar un altre.

Usually, Universal → Any PS/2 and USB mice is a good choice.

Select Universal → Force evdev to configure the buttons that do not work on a mouse with six or more buttons.

Configuració del so

This screen shows the details of the sound card driver chosen for you by the installer, and this driver should work without problems.

However, if you encounter any issues post-install, then run draksound or start this tool via Mageia Control Center → Hardware → Sound Configuration. Then, in the draksound or Sound Configuration screen, click on Troubleshooting to find useful advice about how to solve the problem.

Avançat

If there is no actual default driver for your sound card, there may be other possible alternative drivers available to choose from. If this is the case, but you think the installer has not made the most appropriate choice, you can click on Advanced to manually specify a driver.

Nivell de seguretat

Please choose the desired security level

Standard is the default, and recommended setting for the average user.

Secure will create a highly protected system - for instance if the system is to be used as a public server.

Administrador de seguretat

This item allows you to configure an email address to which the system will send security alert messages when it detects situations which require notification to a system administrator.

A good, and easy-to-implement, choice is to enter <user>@localhost - where <user> is the login name of the user to receive these messages.

Nota

The system sends such messages as Unix Mailspool messages, not as "ordinary" SMTP mail: this user must therefore be configured for receiving such mail!

It will always be possible to adjust your security settings post-install in the Security section of the Mageia Control Center.

Tallafoc

This section allows you to configure some simple firewall rules: they determine which type of message from the Internet will be accepted by the target system. This, in turn, allows the corresponding services on the system to be accessible from the Internet.

In the default setting (no button is checked), no service of the system is accessible from the network. The Everything (no firewall) option enables access to all services of the machine - an option that does not make much sense in the context of the installer since it would create a totally unprotected system. Its veritable use is in the context of the Mageia Control Center (which uses the same GUI layout) for temporarily disabling the entire set of firewall rules for testing and debugging purposes.

All other options are more or less self-explanatory. As an example, you will enable the CUPS server if you want printers on your machine to be accessible from the network.

Advanced

The Advanced option opens a window where you can enable a series of services by typing a list of “couples” (blank separated)

<port-number>/<protocol>

- <port-number> is the value of the port assigned to the service you want to enable (e.g. 873 for the RSYNC service) as defined in RFC-433;

- <protocol> is one of TCP or UDP - the internet protocol that is used by the service.

For instance, the entry for enabling access to the RSYNC service therefore is 873/tcp.

In case a service is implemented to use both protocols, you specify 2 couples for the same port.

Actualitzacions

Since this version of Mageia was released, some packages will have been updated or improved.

Select Yes if you wish to download and install them

Select No if you don't want to do this now, or if you aren't connected to the Internet

Press Next to continue

Enhorabona

You have finished installing and configuring Mageia and it is now safe to remove the installation medium and reboot your computer.

After rebooting, you can use the bootloader screen to choose which operating system to start (if there are more than one on your computer).

Si no heu ajustat els paràmetres del gestor d'arrencada, automàticament se seleccionarà i iniciarà la vostra instal·lació de Mageia.

Gaudiu!

Visit www.mageia.org/en/ if you have any questions or want to contribute to Mageia

Desinstal·lació de Mageia

If Mageia didn't convince you or you can't install it correctly - in short you want get rid of it - that is your right and Mageia also gives you the possibility to uninstall. This is not true for every operating system.

After backing up your data, reboot your Mageia installation DVD and select Rescue system, then Restore Windows boot loader. At the next boot, you will only have Windows, with no option to choose your Mageia operating system.

In Windows, to recover the space used by Mageia partitions: click on Start → Control Panel → Administrative Tools → Computer Management → Storage → Disk Management. You will recognise a Mageia partition because they are labeled Unknown, and also by their size and place on the disk. Right-click on each of these partitions and select Delete to free up the space.

If you are using Windows XP, you can create a new partition and format it (FAT32 or NTFS). It will then get a partition letter.

If you have Vista or 7, you have one more possibility, you can extend the existing partition that is at the left of the freed space. There are other partitioning tools that can be used, such as gparted, available for both Windows and Linux. As always, when changing partitions, be very careful to back up anything important to you.